What is the first sign of a pressure ulcer?

The first sign of a pressure ulcer typically presents as a red or discolored area on the skin. This change in color occurs due to localized pressure that restricts blood flow to the area, resulting in tissue ischemia. The skin may appear pinkish in lighter-skinned individuals or dark purple or bluish in darker-skinned individuals. Recognizing this early indicator is crucial, as timely intervention can prevent further skin damage and the progression of the ulcer.

While swelling and heat in the affected area, pain, itching, and blister formation are important signs and symptoms associated with more advanced skin damage or ulceration, they generally occur after the initial reddening of the skin. Early identification of the discoloration allows for prompt action, such as repositioning the patient or implementing pressure-relief strategies, thereby mitigating the risk of developing a full-blown pressure ulcer.